A shrub or small tree with a short trunk and open crown, growing at most to 25 ft. tall.

BUDS: Hairy; surrounded by U-shaped leaf scars.

TWIGS: Stout and brown; slightly zigzag; covered with fine hairs; marked with obviously raised dots; young twigs have a turpentine flavor.

BARK: Scaly; light brown or gray.

HABITAT: Open uplands and valleys; forest edges; waste places.

RANGE: Southern Ontario to southwestern Maine, south to Florida, west to central Texas, north to Wisconsin.