Faculty Profiles

Paul T. Anastas Professor in the Practice of Green Chemistry, Lecturer in Chemistry, and Senior Research Scientist in Chemical Engineering. B.S., University of Massachusetts at Boston; M.A., Ph.D., Brandeis University. Professor Anastas serves as the Director of the Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering at Yale. From 2004 to 2006 he headed the Green Chemistry Institute in Washington, D.C. From 1999 to 2004 he was the assistant director for the environment in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. Trained as a synthetic organic chemist, he worked as an industrial consultant. He is credited with establishing the field of green chemistry during his time working for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as the chief of the Industrial Chemistry Branch and as the director of the U.S. Green Chemistry Program. Professor Anastas has published widely on topics of science through sustainability, such as the books Benign by Design, Designing Safer Polymers, Green Engineering, and his seminal work with co-author John Warner, Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice.

Shimon C. Anisfeld Senior Lecturer and Research Scientist in Water Resources and Environmental Chemistry. A.B., Princeton University; Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr. Anisfeld’s research aims to understand human impacts on rivers and wetlands in coastal watersheds. He tries to answer questions such as these: How do tidal marshes maintain—or fail to maintain—their elevation in the face of sea level rise? How do high nutrient loads change above-ground and below-ground processes in salt marshes? What is the relationship between watershed land use and river pollutant loads? Can isotope methods be used to trace sources and sinks of pollutants? How does the temporal and spatial variability in river conditions impact water quality assessments? What is the degree of success—and what are the unintended consequences—of wetland restoration? How do cities metabolize water and nitrogen? His goal is to carry out integrated research that is both scientifically interesting and directly relevant to management. He teaches courses in water resources, coastal ecology, and environmental organic chemistry.

Mark S. Ashton Professor of Silviculture and Forest Ecology and Director of School Forests. B.S., University of Maine, College of Forest Resources; M.F., Ph.D., Yale University. Professor Ashton conducts research on the biological and physical processes governing the regeneration of natural forests and on the creation of their agroforestry analogs. In particular, he seeks a better understanding of regeneration establishment among assemblages of closely related trees. His long-term research concentrates on tropical and temperate forests of the Asian and American realms. His field sites within these regions were selected specifically to allow comparison of growth, adaptation, and plasticity within and among close assemblages of species that have evolved within forest climates with differing degrees of seasonality. Findings from these studies have theoretical implications for understanding the maintenance of diversity of tree species in forested ecosystems and the adaptability of forests to change in climate. The results of his research have been applied to the development and testing of silvicultural techniques for restoration of degraded lands and for the management of natural forests for a variety of timber and nontimber products. Field sites include forests in Sri Lanka and Panama, temperate forests in India and New England, and boreal forests in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Robert Bailis Assistant Professor of Environmental Social Science. B.S., Pennsylvania State University; M.S., Northwestern University; Ph.D., University of California at Berkeley. Professor Bailis’s research interests focus on access to resources, causes and effects of poverty, and links among public health, social welfare, and environmental change in the developing world. He explores these issues principally, though not exclusively, in the context of energy resources. He became interested in the intersection of energy, society, and environment while working as a teacher in the U.S. Peace Corps in a remote community in northwestern Kenya. He uses an interdisciplinary approach that places equal emphasis on qualitative and quantitative methods across a range of scales, from local to regional and global. One recent research project explored the social ecology of Kenya’s charcoal commodity chain. He continues to work with Kenyan researchers to explore pathways to a more sustainable energy future for the country, and he is starting to explore the social dynamics of biomass energy systems, including modern biofuels, in other developing regions. In addition, he has embarked on two new research directions. One examines climate change adaptation in forest-dependent communities, and a second explores the benefit flows in carbon offset markets.

Michelle L. Bell Associate Professor of Environmental Health. B.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology; M.S., Stanford University; M.S.E., Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University. Professor Bell addresses air pollution and human health through research that integrates several disciplines, including environmental engineering and epidemiology. Her research interests are the statistical analysis of the health impacts of air pollution episodes, the integration of meteorological and air quality modeling with human health research, and policy implications. A primary focus of her research is how changes in air pollution levels affect health response, such as hospital admissions and premature mortality. Representative projects include a national assessment of the mortality effects of ozone pollution, the relative toxicity of chemical components of ambient particle mixtures, health benefits from reduced air pollution in Latin American cities, impacts of air pollution on low birth weight, and heat-related mortality. Other work investigates how different subpopulations (e.g., based on socio-economic status or race) are differentially affected by air pollution and the potential effects of climate change on air pollution and thereby on human health.

Gaboury Benoit Grinstein Class of 1954 Professor of Environmental Chemistry, Associate Dean for Research, Professor of Environmental Engineering, Director of the Hixon Center for Urban Ecology, and Director of the Center for Coastal and Watershed Systems. B.S., Yale University; M.S., Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology–Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Professor Benoit’s research and teaching focus on the behavior, transport, and fate of chemicals in natural waters, soils, sediments, and biota. Two special areas of interest are nonpoint source pollutants and biogeochemistry of trace metals and radionuclides. Most of his research involves state-of-the-art analytical methods and carefully designed field sampling programs, with results verified by laboratory simulations or simple mathematical models. His research is conducted in a watershed context, and study sites include freshwater and terrestrial systems, as well as estuarine and coastal environments. Five current research emphases are the use of modern clean techniques to investigate trace metals; micronutrient limitation by Cu and Co; sustainable land development, spatial and temporal variability of nonpoint source pollution; and human-environment interactions in urban areas. He is a fellow of Trumbull College.

Graeme P. Berlyn E. H. Harriman Professor of Forest Management, Professor of Anat-omy and Physiology of Trees, and Editor, Journal of Sustainable Forestry. B.S., Ph.D., Iowa State University; M.A. (honorary), Yale University. Professor Berlyn’s interests are the morphology and physiology of trees and forests in relation to environmental stress. Leaves are the most responsive and vulnerable organs of trees, and Professor Berlyn studies the ways that leaf structure and function reveal the effects of environmental change such as global warming or altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. In addition, these studies can help determine the optimum range of habitats for individual species and thus be of use in reforestation and aforestation. Some of the techniques used to study these problems are: light processing by leaves in relation to environmental factors as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthesis, spectral reflectance, absorption, and transmission; and image analysis of leaf and tree structure. Professor Berlyn has also pioneered in the development of organic biostimulants that can help plants resist insect, disease, and other environmental stressors while reducing fertilizer use. Thus the Berlyn lab focuses on how to measure the stress of plant life and also on how to ameliorate it. Students in the Berlyn lab are currently working on such topics as structural and functional change along elevational gradients in mountains, molecular control of sun/shade leaf phenotypic plasticity, historical ecology and ecophysiology of eastern white pine, response of tropical pioneer species to gaps in tropical forests, and the role of antioxidants, stress vitamins, and mycorrhizas in organic biostimulants.

Mark A. Bradford Assistant Professor of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology. B.S., University of Exeter, U.K.; Ph.D., University of Exeter and Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, U.K. Professor Bradford’s research examines ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling. His research primarily focuses on understanding how global changes such as warming, nitrogen deposition, and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide affect the size and turnover of soil carbon pools of differing sink strength. His approach involves field experimentation and observation, complemented by controlled-laboratory manipulations to tease apart competing mechanistic hypotheses. Current research emphases include testing whether the respiratory activity of the soil microbial biomass acclimates to elevated temperatures, whether the assumption of the functional equivalence of microbial communities across space is valid, and whether non-random tree species loss will alter the functioning of eastern U.S. forests. The overall goal of the research is to provide the necessary mechanistic understanding required for reliable prediction of global change impacts on ecosystems, and their likely feedbacks to the climate system. The work is conducted in a variety of forested and grassland ecosystems in both the north and south of the eastern United States.

Ellen Brennan-Galvin Lecturer and Senior Research Scholar. B.A., Smith College; M.A., Ph.D., Columbia University. Her research focuses on a range of urban environmental issues, primarily in developing countries. Her current work ranges from the role of small-scale water providers to eco-sanitation to the linkages between alternative transportation systems, air pollution, and GHG emissions in developing country cities. Prior to coming to Yale, she was chief of the Population Policy Section of the United Nations Population Division, where she worked for twenty-five years. She has conducted research on urban environmental issues and policies in more than twenty developing country cities in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and is the author of numerous case studies on mega-cities published by the United Nations. In recent years, Ms. Brennan-Galvin served on the National Academy of Science’s Committee on Population, as well as on the Committee on the Geographic Foundation for Agenda 21. She also served on the NAS Panel that produced Cities Transformed: Demographic Change and Its Implications in the Developing World (2003). She was a fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. and a Population Council fellow at the Office of Population Research, Princeton University.

William R. Burch, Jr. Frederick C. Hixon Professor of Natural Resource Management; Professor at the Institution for Social and Policy Studies; and Director, Urban Resources Initiative. B.S., M.S., University of Oregon; Ph.D., University of Minnesota. Professor Burch has held research and management positions with the USDA Forest Service, USAID, and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection. From 1984 to 1996, he was retained by the National Park Service in a research position. His work on wildland recreation behavior was among the earliest, and it has expanded to include parks, biosphere reserves, and ecotourist regions in rural and urban areas in Asia, South America, and Europe, as well as in North America. His recent work on protected areas has been in Nepal, Bhutan, and the parks and open spaces of Baltimore. Professor Burch is principal investigator of a six-year monitoring and evaluation project on the $26 million restoration of Philadelphia’s Fairmount Park system.

Ann Elizabeth Camp Senior Lecturer and Research Scientist in Stand Dynamics and Forest Health. B.S., Rutgers University; M.F.S., Yale University; Ph.D., University of Washington. Ms. Camp is interested in the dynamics of mixed species stands and the variables driving vegetation patterns at different hierarchical scales. Results of her research on sustainable patterns of late-successional and old forest habitats in fire-regulated landscapes have been widely incorporated in dry forest management and restoration efforts in the inland Northwest. Her research includes effects of biotic and abiotic disturbances on vegetation patterns at stand and landscape scales; and interactions among disturbance agents and vegetation patterns, especially the roles of insects and pathogens in creating forest structures important to wildlife. Other research interests include effects of fire and fire suppression on forest ecosystem dynamics and the impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) on forests. Prior to joining the F&ES faculty, Ms. Camp was a research forester with the U.S. Forest Service in eastern Washington.

Carol Carpenter Senior Lecturer and Associate Research Scholar in Natural Resource Social Science and Adjunct Lecturer in Anthropology. B.A., SUNY Binghamton; M.A., Ph.D., Cornell University. Ms. Carpenter’s teaching and research interests focus on the history and theory of environmental anthropology, the social science of sustainable development and conservation, applications of economic anthropology to environmental issues, and gender in agrarian and ecological systems. She spent four years in Indonesia engaged in household and community-level research on rituals (including the ethnobotany of rituals) and social networks. She then spent four years in Pakistan working as a development consultant on social forestry and women in development issues for USAID, the World Bank, and the Asia Foundation, among others. She has held teaching positions at Syracuse University, the University of Hawaii, and Hawaii-Pacific University, and a research position at the East-West Center. Her current interests include the implications of the economic and political invisibility of women’s activities in agrarian households. She has a new volume published this year titled Environmental Anthropology: An Historical Reader (co-edited with Michael Dove, for Blackwell). She is a fellow of Calhoun College.

Benjamin Cashore Professor of Environmental Governance and Political Science and Director of the Program on Forest Policy and Governance. B.A., M.A., Carleton University; Ph.D., University of Toronto. Professor Cashore’s research interests include the emergence of non-state, market-driven environmental governance; the impact of globalization, internationalization, and transnational networks on domestic policy choices; comparative environmental and forest policy development; and firm-level “beyond compliance” sustainability initiatives. He has held positions as Assistant Professor, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University (1998–2001); postdoctoral fellow, Forest Economics and Policy Analysis Research Unit, University of British Columbia (1997–1998); and policy advisor to the leader of the Canadian New Democratic Party (1990–1993). His book, Governing Through Markets: Forest Certification and the Emergence of Non-state Authority (with Graeme Auld and Deanna Newsom), was awarded the International Studies Association’s 2005 Sprout Prize for the best book on international environmental policy and politics. Published by Yale University Press in 2004, the book identifies the emergence of non-state market-driven global environmental governance, and compares its support within European and North American forest sectors. He has edited, with Fred Gale, Errol Meidinger, and Deanna Newsom, a sixteen-country analysis, Confronting Sustainability: Forest Certification in Developing and Transitioning Societies. His current efforts include a major international comparison (with Constance McDermott and Peter Kanowski) of twenty countries’ domestic forest policy regulations (under provisional acceptance from CABI Press); a comparative study on firms’ responses to forest certification in the U.S. forest sector (with Auld, Prakash, and Sasser); and an analysis (with Bernstein) of the emergence of non-state market-driven global governance generally. Professor Cashore is also co-editor of Forest Policy for Private Forestry (with L.Teeter and D. Zhang), CAB International; and co-author of In Search of Sustainability: The Politics of Forest Policy in British Columbia in the 1990s (with G. Hoberg, M. Howlett, J. Raynor, and J. Wilson) from the University of British Columbia Press. He is also author or co-author of several articles that have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, Global Environmental Politics, Governance, Policy Sciences, the Canadian Journal of Political Science, Regulation and Governance, Business and Politics, Forest Policy and Economics, the Journal of Forestry, Canadian Public Administration, Canadian-American Public Policy, and the Forestry Chronicle, as well as chapters in several edited books. Professor Cashore was awarded (with Steven Bernstein) the 2001 John McMenemy Prize for the best article to appear in the Canadian Journal of Political Science in the year 2000 for their article “Globalization, Four Paths of Internationalization and Domestic Policy Change: The Case of Eco-forestry Policy Change in British Columbia, Canada.”

Marian R. Chertow Associate Professor of Industrial Environmental Management, Director of the Program on Solid Waste Policy, and Director of the Industrial Environmental Management Program. B.A., Barnard College, Columbia University; M.P.P.M., Ph.D., Yale University. Professor Chertow’s research and teaching span industrial ecology/industrial symbiosis, business/environment issues, waste management, and environmental technology innovation. Primary research interests are (1) the study of industrial symbiosis including geographically based exchanges of wastes, materials, energy, and water within networks of businesses; (2) the potential of industrial ecology in developing countries and specifically to underpin ideas of the proposed Circular Economy Law in China; (3) the application of innovation theory to the development of environmental and energy technology. Professor Chertow initiated a long-term study of industrial symbiosis in 2001 called “Puerto Rico: An Island of Sustainability,” geared to assessing the public and private benefits of cooperative business practices. Most recently, this work has expanded to China and India through the new Program on Industrial Ecology in Developing Countries. Prior to Yale, Professor Chertow spent ten years in environmental business and state and local government. She serves on the founding faculty of the Master of Science in Environmental Management Program at the National University of Singapore where she teaches Business and Environment, and she is a visiting professor at Nankai University’s National Center for Innovation Research on Circular Economy in China.

Susan G. Clark Joseph F. Cullman 3rd Professor (Adjunct) of Wildlife Ecology and Policy in Forestry & Environmental Studies and fellow in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. B.S., Northeastern State College, Oklahoma; M.S., University of Wyoming; Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison. Professor Clark’s principal interests are interdisciplinary problem solving, decision making, governance, policy process, leadership, conservation biology, organization theory and management, natural resources policy, and the policy sciences. She has diverse experience in the NGO community, academia, and in the field practically, nationally, and internationally. She focuses her work on professional education and skill training for leadership, professionalism, and problem solving. She just published Ensuring Greater Yellowstone’s Future: Choices for Leaders and Citizens with Yale University Press. Professor Clark has received various awards, including the Outstanding Contribution Award from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Presidential Award from the Chicago Zoological Society, Denver Zoological Foundation Conservation Award, Best Teacher from the students at the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, and Mentoring Award from the Society for the Policy Sciences. She is also a member of three species survival commissions of the IUCN-World Conservation Union. She was board president of the Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative in Jackson, Wyoming, for almost twenty years and is now on the emeritus board. She is on the Executive Council of the Society for the Policy Sciences. She has written almost 400 publications, many on interdisciplinary problem solving. Her most recent books and monographs include Averting Extinction: Reconstructing Endangered Species Recovery (1997), Carnivores in Ecosystems: The Yellowstone Experience (co-edited, 1999), Foundations of Natural Resources Policy and Management (co-author, 2000), The Policy Process: A Practical Guide for Natural Resource Professionals (2002), Conservation and Development in the Condor BioReserve, Ecuador (co-author, 2004), and Coexisting with Large Carnivores: Lessons from Greater Yellowstone (co-author, 2005). Current projects focus on large carnivore conservation in western North America, polar bear and native peoples coexistence in Canada, and others. For more than thirty years she has dedicated herself to endangered species and biodiversity conservation and human sustainability in the United States, Australia, and elsewhere.

Lisa M. Curran Professor of Tropical Resources and Director of the Tropical Resources Institute. B.A., Harvard University; Ph.D., Princeton University. Professor Curran held a Mercer Post-doctoral Fellowship at Harvard University. She has spent over twenty-five years in the South and Southeast Asian tropics conducting scientific research, training, and outreach and policy studies. She has held diverse consultancy positions for several foundations, private sector conservation, and rural development organizations, as well as the U.S. Agency for International Development, the World Bank, and Asian Development Bank. Professor Curran served as a visiting research fellow at the East-West Center’s Ecosystem & Governance Program, Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellow, and Marie Tharp Fellow at the Earth Institute of Columbia University. Currently she is a MacArthur Fellow (2007–2012), is on the External Faculty at the Santa Fe Institute (2003–2009), and serves on NASA’s Earth Science Advisory Board, as well as governing boards of the Tropical Forest Foundation, the Forest Dialogue, and Forest Integrity Network under Transparency International’s Corruption Watch Program. Her current interdisciplinary programs examine the effects of land use change, climate, drought, and fire on carbon dynamics and biodiversity, and impacts of governmental policies and industrial practices on ecosystems and rural livelihoods in Asia and Latin American tropical forests.

Michael R. Dove Margaret K. Musser Professor of Social Ecology, Professor of Anthropology, Curator of Anthropology in the Peabody Museum of Natural History, and Coordinator of the joint doctoral degree program between F&ES and the Department of Anthropology. B.A., Northwestern University; M.A., Ph.D., Stanford University. Professor Dove’s research focuses on the environmental relations of local communities, especially in South and Southeast Asia. Over the past three decades, he has spent more than a dozen years in the field in Asia, carrying out long-term research on human ecology in Borneo and Java, developing government research capacity in Indonesia, and advising the Pakistan Forest Service on social forestry policies. His most recent books are Conserving Nature in Culture: Case Studies from Southeast Asia (co-edited with P. Sajise and A. Doolittle, Yale Southeast Asia Program, 2005) and Environmental Anthropology: A Historical Reader (coedited with C. Carpenter, Blackwell, 2007). He has in press a book on the fire-climax grasslands of Southeast Asia (New York Botanical Garden), and he is currently completing books on folk dimensions of conservation in Southeast Asia (co-edited with P. E. Sajise and A. Doolittle, Duke University Press) and on the historic participation of remote Bornean tribes in global commodity production (Yale University Press). One of his principal current research projects, in collaboration with colleagues in Indonesia, focuses on the cultural and political aspects of natural hazards and disasters in Central Java. Another ongoing research activity, collaboratively conducted and published with members of the Dove/Carpenter doctoral lab, is a theoretical critique of key academic and policy concepts in conservation and development. Other research and teaching interests include the global circulation of environmental concepts; political dimensions of resource degradation; indigenous environmental knowledge; contemporary and historical environmental relations in South and Southeast Asia; the study of developmental and environmental institutions, discourses, and movements; and the sociology of resource-related sciences.

Paul Alexander Draghi Director of Information and Library Systems and Lecturer in Forest History. B.A., University of Connecticut; M.A., M.A., Ph.D., Indiana University. Mr. Draghi’s teaching follows two main branches. The first involves the application of information technology to environmental research, communications, and problem-solving, and includes the use of database, modeling, simulation, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), as well as a consideration of environmental semiotics. His second teaching focus is the cultural history of how humans in different civilizations and periods relate to nature, and in particular how they characterize individuals whose role is to mediate between nature and society in literature, art, folklore, and myth. Mr. Draghi’s research has included work with primary sources in Medieval Latin, Middle High and modern German, French, Sanskrit, Tibetan, Mongolian, and Bhutanese, and his previous work at Yale included the cataloguing of the Beinecke Library’s Tibetan Collection, one of the major collections of Tibetan blockprint and manuscript texts in the world. His current research involves work on the history of hunting and forestry in Britain and German-speaking Europe and the translation of an original Tibetan manuscript from the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library that deals with the classification, training, and care of horses in Inner Asia.

Daniel C. Esty Hillhouse Professor of Environmental Law and Policy; Director of the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy; and Director of the Center for Business and the Environment at Yale. B.A., Harvard University; M.A., University of Oxford; J.D., Yale University. Professor Esty is the author or editor of nine books and numerous articles on environmental policy issues and the relationships between environment and corporate strategy, competitiveness, trade, globalization, governance, and development. His most recent book, Green to Gold: How Smart Companies Use Environmental Strategy to Innovate, Create Value, and Build Competitive Advantage, argues that pollution control and natural resource management have become critical elements of marketplace success and explains how leading-edge companies have folded environmental thinking into their core business strategies. Prior to taking up his current position at Yale, Professor Esty was a Senior Fellow at the Institute for International Economics (1993–94), served in a variety of senior positions on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1989–93), and practiced law in Washington, D.C. (1986–89). Professor Esty spent the 2000–01 academic year as a Visiting Professor at INSEAD, the European business school in Fontainebleau, France. In 2002, Professor Esty received the American Bar Association Award for Distinguished Achievement in Environmental Law and Policy for “pioneering a data-driven approach to environmental decision making” and developing the global Environmental Sustainability Index. He served four years as an elected Planning and Zoning Commissioner in his hometown of Cheshire, Connecticut. He sits on the Board of Directors of Resources for the Future and the Connecticut Fund for the Environment.

Gordon T. Geballe Associate Dean for Student and Alumni Affairs and Lecturer in Urban Ecology. B.A., University of California, Berkeley; M.S., Ph.D., Yale University. Applying the concepts of ecosystem ecology to the study of humans is the principal focus of Mr. Geballe’s current interests. Cities can be analyzed as systems through which energy and material move. Of special interest to Mr. Geballe is the development of community organization, the role of formal and informal environmental education, and the identification of urban environmental issues. These topics are the focus of his teaching and numerous projects in New Haven. Mr. Geballe is currently teaching about and researching the role of international symposiums. In September 2003 he and students in his class attended the 5th World Parks Congress in Durban, South Africa. During spring 2004 the focus was on IUCN’s World Conservation Congress, held in Bangkok, Thailand, in November 2004. At this meeting the students wrote, sponsored, and had passed a resolution calling for IUCN and member organizations to support the careers of young professionals. Next, attention shifted to UNEP and its council meeting in Kenya in February 2005. Twenty-nine students and faculty attended the meeting and presented the course findings evaluating UNEP. Mr. Geballe, with faculty and students, is also involved in projects in the People’s Republic of China. He is coauthor of the book Redesigning the American Lawn: A Search for Environmental Harmony (second edition, 2001). He is a fellow of Silliman College.

Bradford S. Gentry Senior Lecturer in Sustainable Investments and Research Scholar, Director of the Center for Business and the Environment at Yale, and Director of the Research Program on Private Investment and the Environment. B.A., Swarthmore College; J.D., Harvard University. Mr. Gentry’s work explores the opportunities for using private investment to improve environmental performance, looking both across and within particular sectors/problems. His cross-sectoral work focuses on the steps policy makers can take to help attract or drive more private investment into better environmental results, including providing information, removing market barriers, making polluters pay, and paying innovators. His sectoral work includes initiatives on land conservation, water protection, carbon markets, and clean energy. Projects in all of these areas are undertaken across a range of contexts from New Haven, to developing country megacities, to rural forest systems. He has written extensively on the links between private investment and environmental performance, including the books Private Capital Flows and the Environment: Lessons from Latin America and Emerging Markets for Ecosystem Services: The Case of the Panama Canal Watershed.

Thomas E. Graedel Clifton R. Musser Professor of Industrial Ecology, Professor of Chemical Engineering, Professor of Geology and Geophysics, and Director of the Center for Industrial Ecology. B.S., Washington State University; M.A., Kent State University; M.S., Ph.D., University of Michigan. Professor Graedel was elected to the U.S. National Academy of Engineering for “outstanding contributions to the theory and practice of industrial ecology, 2002.” His research is centered on developing and enhancing industrial ecology, the organizing framework for the study of the interactions of the modern technological society with the environment. His textbook, Industrial Ecology, co-written with B. R. Allenby of AT&T, was the first book in the field and its third edition is now in preparation. It, and his 2004 textbook, Greening the Industrial Facility, are used for F&ES courses of the same names. His current interests include studies of the flows of materials within the industrial ecosystem and the development of analytical tools to assess the environmental characteristics of products, processes, the service industry, and urban infrastructures. He is a fellow of Pierson College.

Timothy G. Gregoire J. P. Weyerhaeuser, Jr., Professor of Forest Management. B.S., Princeton University; Ph.D., Yale University. Professor Gregoire’s research is directed to the application and methodological development of statistical techniques appropriate for forest and other environmental and ecological resources. One focus has been on probability sampling with particular reference to sampling techniques used in forest inventory and ecological assessment. A second focus has been on statistical modeling of longitudinal and spatially correlated data with linear and nonlinear mixed models. The results of his research have been published widely in the forestry, ecology, and statistical literature. He is the coauthor of Sampling Methods for Multiresource Forest Inventory; co-editor of Modeling Longitudinal and Spatially Correlated Data; and senior author of Sampling Strategies for Natural and Environmental Resources (2008). Recent pursuits include investigations into the nature of statistical inference, changes to the active layer above permafrost on the Alaska tundra, sampling with segmented line transects, and laser altimetry to estimate above-ground biomass. Professionally, he has been a leader in organizations that promote the use of biometrics and environmental statistics. He is an elected fellow of the American Statistical Association; a former regional president of the International Biometric Society; an elected member of the International Statistical Institute; and the recipient of the Forest Science Award granted by the Society of American Foresters. He is a section editor of the multivolume Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, an associate editor of Silva Fennica, and the deputy editor-in-chief for Environmental and Ecological Statistics, and he is former chair of the management committee of the Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics. He also serves on the board of directors of The Energy and Resources Institute–North America. He is a fellow of Morse College.

John Grim Senior Lecturer and Research Scholar. B.A., St. John’s University (Minnesota); M.A., Fordham University; Ph.D., Fordham University. His courses in religion and ecology draw students from F&ES, Yale Divinity School, the Department of Religious Studies, ISPS, and Yale College. He is Coordinator of the Forum on Religion and Ecology with Mary Evelyn Tucker, and with her editor of the ten-volume series World Religions and Ecology, from Harvard Divinity School’s Center for the Study of World Religions, published by Harvard University Press. In that series he edited Indigenous Traditions and Ecology: The Interbeing of Cosmology and Community (Harvard, 2001). He has been a professor of religion at Bucknell University, and at Sarah Lawrence College where he taught courses in Native American and indigenous religions, world religions, and religion and ecology. His published works include The Shaman: Patterns of Religious Healing Among the Ojibway Indians (University of Oklahoma Press, 1983), the co-edited volume (with Mary Evelyn Tucker) Worldviews and Ecology (Orbis, 1994, 5th printing, 2000), and a Daedalus volume (2001) titled Religion and Ecology: Can the Climate Change? He is also president of the American Teilhard Association.

Arnulf Grubler Professor in the Field of Energy and Technology. M.Eng., Ph.D., Technical University of Vienna; Dr. Habil., Mining University at Leoben, Austria. Professor Grubler has been lead and contributing author for the Second, Third, and Fourth Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, co-recipient of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize), and also serves on the editorial boards of Technological Forecasting and Social Change and the Journal of Industrial Ecology. He has published widely as author, coauthor, or editor of nine books, three special journal issues, more than sixty peer-reviewed articles and book chapters, and over thirty additional professional papers in the domains of (modeling of) technological change and diffusion, long wave theory, energy and transport systems, climate change and resource economics. Professor Grubler also holds the position of senior research scholar in the Transitions to New Technologies Program at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria. His teaching and research focus on the long-term history and future of technology and the environment, with emphasis on energy, transport, and communication systems.

Lloyd Irland Lecturer and Senior Scientist. B.S., Michigan State University; M.S., University of Arizona; Ph.D. Yale University. Mr. Irland served with the U.S. Forest Service as a research economist before teaching at Yale for three years. He then served five years with the Department of Conservation, and five years as Maine’s state economist. During these years in state government, he gained practical management experience as well as inside involvement in the legislative process. Since 1987 he has been consulting, mostly to industry but also to governments, trade groups, and environmental groups. He has been actively engaged with major land use and industrial competitiveness issues in the Northern Forest of New York and New England. Mr. Irland served as a junior author of one section of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and participated in the U.S. National Assessment on Climate Change. He has worked actively in the field of forest certification. He also has worked in forestry and professional ethics, and edited a major readings volume, Ethics in Forestry. His book The Northeast’s Changing Forests is distributed by Harvard University Press. He recently completed an electronically published volume published by the School, titled Professional Ethics for Natural Resource and Environmental Managers: A Primer. His efforts on forest sustainability and policy have led to study tours and lecture visits to China, India, Germany, and Ukraine.

Stephen R. Kellert Tweedy/Ordway Professor of Social Ecology. B.A., Cornell University; Ph.D., Yale University. Professor Kellert’s research has focused on science, policy, and management relating to the interaction of people and the natural environment. Current research projects include studies of the theory, science, and practice of restorative environmental design; the theory and application of the concept of biophilia; connecting human and natural systems especially in urban watersheds; and the biocultural basis for an ethic toward the natural world. His books published since 1993 include Building for Life: Designing and Understanding the Human–Nature Connection (2005), Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development (1997), The Value of Life: Biological Diversity and Human Society (1996), The Biophilia Hypothesis (co-edited with E. O. Wilson, 1993), The Good in Nature and Humanity: Connecting Science, Religion, and Spirituality with the Natural World (co-edited with T. Farnham, 2002), and Children and Nature: Psychological, Sociocultural, and Evolutionary Investigations (co-edited with P. H. Kahn, 2002). He is a fellow of Branford College, an ISPS scholar at the Institution for Social and Policy Studies, director of the Center for Bioethics, and a faculty affiliate at the Peabody Museum.

Xuhui Lee Professor of Meteorology. B.Sc., M.Sc., Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, China; Ph.D., University of British Columbia. Professor Lee’s research concerns the states and principles that govern the exchanges of radiation, heat, water, and trace gases between vegetation and the atmosphere. His areas of interest include forest meteorology, boundary-layer meteorology, air quality, micro-meteorological instrumentation, and remote sensing. His current research projects focus on land-air exchange of water and carbon dioxide isotopes, greenhouse gas fluxes in forests and cropland, air motion in the atmospheric boundary layer, and mercury emission to the atmosphere.

Reid J. Lifset Associate Research Scholar, Associate Director of the Industrial Environmental Management Program, and Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Industrial Ecology. B.A., Swarthmore College; M.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology; M.P.P.M., Yale School of Management. Mr. Lifset’s research and teaching focus on the emerging field of industrial ecology, the study of the environmental consequences of production and consumption. He is editor-in-chief of the Journal of Industrial Ecology, an international peer-reviewed bimonthly headquartered at and owned by Yale University and published by Wiley-Blackwell. In addition, he is associate director of the Industrial Environmental Management Program. Mr. Lifset’s research focuses on the development of the field of industrial ecology, the application of industrial ecology to solid waste problems, and the evolution of extended producer responsibility (EPR). He is currently investigating the global life cycle of metals, the environmental implications of a shift to bio-based materials and fuels, and the application of industrial ecology in Asia, especially China. He has published extensively on EPR and on solid waste issues in academic and professional publications and is editor of the Yale Working Papers on Solid Waste Policy. He also serves on the Science Advisory Board of the US EPA.

Robert Mendelsohn Edwin Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor of Forest Policy, Professor of Economics, and Professor, School of Management. B.A., Harvard University; Ph.D., Yale University. Professor Mendelsohn has written over one hundred peer-reviewed articles and edited six books. The focus of his research has been the valuation of the environment. He has developed methods to value natural ecosystems including coral reefs, old-growth forests, non-timber forest products, ecotourism, and outdoor recreation. He has also developed methods to value pollution including emissions of criteria pollutants (such as particulates and sulfur dioxide) and hazardous waste sites. His most recent work values the impacts of greenhouse gases, including the effects of climate change on agriculture, forests, water resources, energy, and coasts. This research carefully integrates adaptation into impact assessment and has recently been extended to developing countries around the world. He has also been involved in studies of nonrenewable resources, forest management, and specifically carbon sequestration in forests. Professor Mendelsohn is a fellow of Ezra Stiles College.

Florencia Montagnini Professor in the Practice of Tropical Forestry and Director of the Program in Tropical Forestry of the Global Institute of Sustainable Forestry. B.S., National University of Rosario, Argentina; M.S., Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research (IVIC); Ph.D., University of Georgia. Professor Montagnini’s research focuses on variables controlling the sustainability of managed ecosystems (e.g., primary and secondary forests, plantations, and agroforestry systems) in the tropics, with special emphasis on Latin America; the identification and quantification of ecological services provided by forests (biodiversity conservation, carbon fixing and storage); reforestation of degraded lands with native species, including mixed-species designs; tropical plantation silviculture; the use of biological enrichment techniques with species of economic value as a forest restoration tool; and the integration of ecological principles with economic, social, and policy factors in the design of sustainable land use schemes in humid tropical regions. Projects that she is currently conducting include examining the role of native tree species in plantations and agroforestry systems in reclaiming degraded areas with species of economic value; the identification and quantification of ecological services provided by forests (biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, watershed protection); tropical plantation silviculture; and participatory projects for rural ecosystem restoration. In her research, she collaborates with institutions such as CATIE (Tropical Agriculture Research and Higher Education Center, Costa Rica), National University of Hidalgo, Mexico, as well as with universities in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Argentina, and Brazil. Professor Montagnini has written more than ninety scientific articles for international journals, and six books on agroforestry systems, tropical forest ecology and management, and ecological restoration. She is a fellow of Saybrook College. She also holds honorary professorships at several universities in Latin America. She teaches graduate-level courses in ecosystem restoration, tropical forest ecology, agroforestry, and soil conservation and management.

Chadwick Dearing Oliver Pinchot Professor of Forestry and Environmental Studies and Director of the Global Institute of Sustainable Forestry. B.S. (Forestry), University of the South; M.F.S., Ph.D., Yale University. Professor Oliver’s initial research focused on the basic understanding of how forests develop and how silviculture can be applied to ecological systems most effectively. Much of this work is incorporated in a book he wrote entitled Forest Stand Dynamics (1990, and updated edition in 1996) with a former student as coauthor. He has continued this work; during the past decade he has also examined how this understanding can help resolve scientific, technical, and management issues at the landscape and policy levels. He is currently working on landscape approaches to forest management and is involved in the technical tools, the policies, the management approaches, and the educational needs. He is also examining global trade-offs among forest values and among the world’s forest ecosystems. Professor Oliver has considerable experience advising public and private forest resource organizations in the United States and abroad. His work has taken him to all parts of the United States and to Canada, Mexico, Turkey, Nepal, Japan, Thailand, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Ukraine, India, China, Ecuador, Germany, and France.

Sheila Olmstead Associate Professor of Environmental Economics. B.A., University of Virginia; M.P.Aff., University of Texas at Austin; Ph.D., Harvard University. Professor Olmstead’s research and teaching interests are in the area of environmental and natural resource economics and policy, including both natural resource management and pollution control. Her area of primary research is water resource economics, including urban water demand management, market-based approaches to water conservation, drinking water quality regulation, access to drinking water among low-income populations, current and potential applications of water marketing and water quality trading, and the efficient allocation of water across sectors.

Peter A. Raymond Associate Professor of Ecosystem Ecology. B.S., Marist College; Ph.D., College of William and Mary/Virginia Institute of Marine Science. Professor Raymond’s research focuses on biogeochemistry of natural systems. In particular, he is interested in carbon cycle science. Current research topics include the landscape controls on the watershed export of carbon, biogeochemical transformations in estuaries, the physics of air-sea CO2 exchange, and determining the age and composition of carbon being transported from land to the ocean. His research often utilizes the watershed approach and natural isotopes to determine major sources, sinks, and ages of various carbon and nitrogen pools in the natural environment.

James E. Saiers Professor of Hydrology. B.S., Indiana University of Pennsylvania; M.S., Ph.D., University of Virginia. Professor Saiers studies controls on the distribution, quantity, and quality of freshwater. His research is intended to provide scientific knowledge needed to inform water management decisions for areas suffering from water scarcity and restoration plans for sites impacted by polluted groundwater and surface water. His research relies on experiments conducted in the laboratory and at field sites and on the development of computer models suitable for simulating hydrologic phenomena. Professor Saiers carries out this research in collaboration with graduate students, undergraduate students, and postdoctoral associates. His current students and postdocs are exploring various problems in surface and subsurface hydrology, including carbon cycling within forest soils, migration of contaminants in groundwater, sediment erosion and stream-sediment transport in rural watersheds, wetland hydrology, and climate-change effects on water availability and vegetation dynamics.

Oswald J. Schmitz Oastler Professor of Population and Community Ecology, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, and Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. B.Sc., M.Sc., University of Guelph, Ontario; Ph.D., University of Michigan. Professor Schmitz’s research focuses on studying the linkage between two important components of natural systems: biodiversity and ecosystem services. These issues are examined using field experimentation guided by formal mathematical theory of species interactions. Both theory development and field research are aimed at identifying functionally unique groupings of predators and herbivores. These insights are used to explain how predator and herbivore species determine the species composition and productivity of plants in ecosystems, and ensuing ecosystem processes such as nutrient and carbon cycling. Research also focuses on elucidating how important environmental disturbances, such as global climate change and natural resource exploitation, alter the nature and strength of species interactions in ecosystems and ensuing ecosystem services. The scientific insights aid efforts to conserve vital services that species in ecosystems provide to humankind. Professor Schmitz’s research evaluates how to rethink conservation strategies by considering species as part of a natural portfolio with substantial investment opportunity. This portfolio represents a wealth of potential alternatives to contemporary technologically intensive and expensive approaches in environmental management.

Karen C. Seto Associate Professor. B.A., University of California [Santa Barbara]; M.A., Ph.D., Boston University. Professor Seto’s research is on the dynamics of land-use change. In particular, her work focuses on three broad themes: (1) monitoring, measuring, and forecasting urban form and growth patterns; (2) identifying and comparing the drivers of urban growth; and (3) analyzing the environmental and social consequences of land-use change and urban expansion. A geographer by training, her research provides an interdisciplinary evaluation of twenty-first-century urban growth dynamics by combining research approaches and conceptual frameworks from the fields of urban studies, geography, economics, and policy studies. She uses a combination of satellite remote sensing, socioeconomic and biophysical data, in-person field interviews, and a range of statistical and computational models to gain insight on the patterns and processes of urban land-use change. Her geographic region of specialization is China, where she has worked on urban development issues for more than ten years. More recently, she has had research projects in India, Vietnam, and Qatar. Professor Seto is co-chair of the Urbanization and Global Environmental Change Project of the International Human Dimensions Programme of Global Environmental Change (IHDP), and global thematic leader on Ecosystem Management Tools for the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Commission on Ecosystem Management. She is the executive producer of 10,000 Shovels: Rapid Urban Growth in China, a short documentary film that highlights the unprecedented urban changes occurring in South China. Professor Seto is a recipient of the NASA New Investigator Program Award, NSF Career Award, and a National Geographic Research Grant.

Thomas G. Siccama Senior Lecturer. B.S., M.S., Ph.D., University of Vermont. Professor Siccama’s interests involve trace element cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. In cooperation with the University of Pennsylvania, he is establishing baseline data on the accumulation of trace metals in the forest floor of the northeastern United States. He is also working on the suggested effects of environmental pollution on the growth of forest trees, especially in relation to pitch pine and red spruce, which are declining in the Northeast. Professor Siccama continues as an active participant in many aspects of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Watershed Ecosystem project in New Hampshire. He is also involved with natural areas documentation and land use planning.

David K. Skelly Professor of Ecology and Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. A.B., Middlebury College; Ph.D., University of Michigan. Professor Skelly is interested in understanding mechanisms structuring animal distributions and in developing the means to apply that understanding to conservation and management. His studies of amphibians have been directed at determining the causes of patterns such as the extinction and establishment of populations. In order to discover the links among landscape-level distributions, performance across environmental gradients, and the attributes of individual species, he has employed field and laboratory experiments in conjunction with long-term observations of populations and their environment. Current research includes an exploration of forest dynamics as a driver of amphibian population dynamics and rapid evolutionary responses to temperature change. Other projects include studies of urbanization and emergence of infectious disease, and an investigation of causes underlying developmental deformities of amphibians. Professor Skelly also holds appointments in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and as a curator in the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History. In 2003 he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for his research on amphibian ecology and conservation.

James Gustave Speth Carl W. Knobloch, Jr. Dean and Sara Shallenberger Brown Professor in the Practice of Environmental Policy and Sustainable Development. B.A., Yale University; M.Litt., Oxford University; J.D., Yale University. From 1993 to 1999, Dean Speth served as administrator of the United Nations Development Programme and chair of the United Nations Development Group. Prior to his service at the United Nations, he was founder and president of the World Resources Institute; professor of law at Georgetown University; chairman of the U.S. Council on Environmental Quality; and senior attorney and cofounder, Natural Resources Defense Council. Throughout his career, Dean Speth has provided leadership and entrepreneurial initiatives to many task forces and committees aimed at combating environmental degradation. Among his awards are the National Wildlife Federation’s Resources Defense Award, the Natural Resources Council of America’s Barbara Swain Award of Honor, a 1997 Special Recognition Award from the Society for International Development, the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Environmental Law Institute, and the Blue Planet Prize. Publications include The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability; Global Environmental Governance; Red Sky at Morning: America and the Crisis of the Global Environment; Worlds Apart: Globalization and the Environment; and articles in Foreign Policy, Foreign Affairs, Environmental Science and Technology, the Columbia Journal World of Business, and other journals and books. Dean Speth has received honorary degrees from Middlebury College, the Vermont Law School, the College of the Atlantic, and Clark University.

Fred Strebeigh Senior Lecturer in Environmental Writing and Senior Lecturer, Department of English. B.A., Yale University. Fred Strebeigh has written for publications including American Heritage, Atlantic Monthly, Audubon, E: The Environmental Magazine, Legal Affairs, New Republic, Reader’s Digest, Russian Life, Sierra, Smithsonian, and The New York Times Magazine. Topics on which he has published include the history and origins of nature writing; the influence of nature on artistic form; the role of the bicycle in China; educational exchange between China and the United States; pressures on the Antarctic treaty system; natural and social conditions in the Falkland Islands; traces of early man in southern Africa; saving whales from fishing nets off the coast of Newfoundland; the impact of environmental issues on the presidential election in 2004; and defending the world’s largest system of scientific nature reserves in Russia. His teaching in 2004 received Yale’s DeVane medal, presented each year by Phi Beta Kappa to a member of the University’s active faculty.

Mary Evelyn Tucker Senior Lecturer. B.A., Trinity College; M.A., SUNY Fredonia; M.A., Fordham University; Ph.D., Columbia University. Ms. Tucker is co-founder and co-director of the Forum on Religion and Ecology with John Grim. Together they organized a series of ten conferences on World Religions and Ecology at Harvard’s Center for the Study of World Religions. They are series editors for the ten volumes from the conferences distributed by Harvard University Press. They are also editors for an eighteen-volume series on Ecology and Justice from Orbis Press. Ms. Tucker is the author of Worldly Wonder: Religions Enter Their Ecological Phase (Open Court Press, 2003), Moral and Spiritual Cultivation in Japanese Neo-Confucianism (SUNY, 1989), and The Philosophy of Qi (Columbia University Press, 2007). She co-edited Worldviews and Ecology (Orbis, 1994), Buddhism and Ecology (Harvard, 1997), Confucianism and Ecology (Harvard, 1998), Hinduism and Ecology (Harvard, 2000), and When Worlds Converge (Open Court, 2002). With Tu Weiming she edited two volumes on Confucian Spirituality (Crossroad, 2003, 2004). She also co-edited a Daedalus volume titled Religion and Ecology: Can the Climate Change? (2001). She edited Thomas Berry’s Evening Thoughts: Reflecting on the Earth as Sacred Community (Sierra Club and University of California Press, 2006). Ms. Tucker completed her doctorate in East Asian religions with a concentration in Confucianism in China and Japan. She is a research associate at the Harvard-Yenching Institute and the Reischauer Institute at Harvard. From 1993 to 1996 she held a National Endowment for the Humanities Chair. Since 1987 she has been a member of the Interfaith Partnership for the Environment at the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). She served on the International Earth Charter Drafting Committee from 1997–2000 and is now a member of the Earth Charter International Council.

John P. Wargo Professor of Environmental Policy, Political Science, and Risk Analysis; Director of the Environment and Health Initiative; and Co-Chair of Environmental Studies Program and Major in Yale College. B.A., University of Pennsylvania; M.L.A., University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Ph.D., Yale University. Professor Wargo’s recent work has focused on legal strategies to control environmental threats to children’s health including air pollution, pesticides, plastics, mercury, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. He is expert in both law and regulation of these problems, and conducts research on childhood exposure to complex mixtures of toxic substances. Professor Wargo’s doctoral students have examined law and environmental health problems in Tanzania, Thailand, South Africa, Denmark, Mexico, Israel, India, and many parts of the U.S. His most recent book, Green Intelligence, to be published in 2008, compares the history of four serious and global environmental threats to children’s health in the twentieth century: nuclear weapons testing, pesticides, hazardous sites, and particulate emissions. He identifies factors that inhibit the public’s ability to identify and avoid dangerous exposures, while prescribing principles for cultivating societal “green intelligence.” Professor Wargo wrote Our Children’s Toxic Legacy: How Science and Law Fail to Protect Us from Pesticides, published by Yale University Press in 1998, presenting a history of law and science governing pesticides with special attention to the vulnerability of infants and children. The work suggests fundamental reforms of science and law necessary to identify and contain pesticide-related health risks. It won the American Association of Publishers award as the Best Scholarly Professional Book in Government and Political Science in 1998.

Julie Beth Zimmerman Assistant Professor of Green Engineering and of Chemical Engineering. B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., University of Michigan. Professor Zimmerman is also a Visiting Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Virginia. Her research interest include green engineering, environmentally benign design and manufacturing, and the fate and impacts of anthropogenic compounds in the environment as well as appropriate water treatment technologies for the developing world. Professor Zimmerman’s research is aimed at designing and developing innovative science, technology, and policy to advance sustainability. Through her engineering research, she is working toward the next generation of products, processes, and systems based on efficient and effective use of benign materials and energy to advance sustainability. To enhance the likelihood of successful implementation of these next-generation designs, she studies the effectiveness and impediments of current and potential policies developed to advance sustainability. Together, these efforts represents a systematic and holistic approach to addressing the challenges of sustainability to enhance water and resource quality and quantity, to improve environmental protection, and to provide for a higher quality of life. Professor Zimmerman previously served as an engineer and program coordinator in the office of Research and Development at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, where she managed grants to academia and small businesses in the areas of pollution prevention and sustainability and launched EPA’s P3 Aware program.

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