Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program (IFP)
Provides post-graduate research opportunities for international students for up to three years. Fellows are selected from countries in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, and Russia, where the Ford Foundation maintains active overseas programs. Amounts and deadlines vary.
Website: http://www.fordfound.org/what/initiatives.cfm

Rotary Fellowships
Rotary Foundation Ambassadorial Scholarships for international study and research are applied to through local Rotary clubs. Application deadlines and award value varies by club and district, and some are confined to particular nationalities and for specific fields of study.
Website: http://www.rotary.org/foundation/educational/amb_scho/

Social Science Research Council
The International Dissertation Field Research Fellowship (IDRF) program provides support for dissertation field research. Fellowships provide support for up to twelve months, and do not exceed $20,000. The program is open to full-time graduate students– regardless of citizenship – enrolled in US doctoral programs.
Website: http://www.ssrc.org/

Social Science and Humanities Research Council (Canada)
Awards for doctoral study anywhere in the world, up to 48 months in duration, and from $19,000 to $35,000 per annum. Eligibility confined to Canadian citizens or permanent residents.
Website: http://www.sshrc.ca/
Deadline: November